Saturday, 23 January 2021

vanchi....Vallam , Thoni,etc.....

 

These are water transport vessel that carries different names in different regions.
 
The terms Vallam , Thoni,etc. are found in the early Tamil literature

it is also found in the Manipravalam works and the Malayalam works.

 All these terms may have come from the Tamil language later  those terms have been assimilated in Malayalam also. 


 it has functions like carrying cargoes/Human from one region to another,fishing etc



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Moringa oleifera...... Moringa



Moringa oleifera is a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree of the family Moringaceae, native to the Indian subcontinent.
 Common names include moringa, drumstick tree, horseradish tree, and ben oil tree or benzolive tree

Scientific name: Moringa oleifera
Higher classification: Moringa
Rank: Species
Family: Moringaceae
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Brassicales



Moringa contains many healthful compounds such as:

  • vitamin A
  • vitamin B1 (thiamine)
  • B2 (riboflavin)
  • B3 (niacin), B-6
  • folate and ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
  • calcium
  • potassium
  • iron
  • magnesium
  • phosphorus
  • zinc

It is also extremely low in fats and contains no harmful cholesterol



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kakathampurati bird.... Ashy drongo.


 Ashy drongo  is a species of bird in the drongo family Dicruridae


Kingdom:Animalia.
Phylum:Chordata.
Class:Aves.
Order:Passeriformes.
Family:Dicruridae.
Genus:Dicrurus.
Species:
D. leucophaeus.



It is found widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia
 that vary in the shade of grey.







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Tuesday, 29 December 2020

X-RAY.... Röntgen radiation.. BY ...Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen

X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation waves.

An X-ray is a painless and quick test that produces images of the structures inside your body particularly your bones.

 The images show the parts of your body in different shades of black and white. 
it is because different tissues absorb different amounts of radiation

An X-ray, or X-radiation, is a penetrating form of high energy electromagnetic radiation

Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from  10 picometers to 10  nanometers

 X-radiation is referred to as Rontgen radiation  after the German scientist Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen
 who discovered  on November 8, 1895.


He named it X-radiation to signify an unknown type of radiation

X-ray beams pass through your body, and they are absorbed in different amounts depending on the density of the material they pass through. Dense materials, such as bone and metal, show up as white on X-rays. The air in lungs shows  as black. Fat and muscle appear as shades of gray.

Locations 

A ligament is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone or bone to cartilage

While ligaments are extremely strong, they can be stretched or even torn, resulting in different grades of sprains.

A ligament tear usually occurs due to extreme force to a joint such as with a fall or another high-impact event. Common ligament tears are to the ankle, knee, wrist, thumb, neck, or back ligament

Movement will be impaired when a ligament is torn, resulting in looseness in the joint or being unable to move the joint normally


  • Ankle: Ligament tears are most common for the lateral ligament complex, which include the anterior talofibular (ATFL), the calcaneofibular (CFL), and posterior talofibular (PTFL) ligaments. 
  • Knee: The four major knee ligaments are the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL). The ACL is the most common ligament to be injured.
  • Wrist: There are 20 ligaments in the wrist and tears most often occur in falling on an outstretched hand. The scapholunate ligament and the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) are the most common ones injured.

Other common sites of ligament tears :

  • Thumb: The ulnar collateral ligament can be torn when skiing  or in a fall when the thumb is bent in an extreme position.
  • Neck: The ligaments of the neck can be torn during whiplash injuries when sudden acceleration and deceleration cause extreme movement of the cervical spine.
  • Back: The ligaments in the back can be torn by lifting something that is too heavy.

Diagnosis

  • Grade 1: This is a mild sprain that damages the ligament but does not cause significant tearing.
  • Grade 2: This is a moderate sprain that includes a partial tear of the ligament. As a result, the joint may show abnormal looseness.
  • Grade 3: This is a severe sprain with a complete tear of the ligament. It results in instability of the joint and loss of use.

  • Treatment
  • Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (R.I.C.E.) is the initial treatment protocol for a ligament injury.

Rest: Once injured, further activity that stresses the injured area must be stopped until the injury is allowed to recover over a period of time.

Ice: Cold contact provides short-term pain relief to an injured area and works to limit swelling.

Compression: Compression (e.g., wrapping the injured area with an elastic bandage) helps reduce and limit overall swelling. It also occasionally works to ease pain.

Elevation: This helps control blood flow to the area and, thus, reduce swelling. This is most effective when the injured area is raised above heart level.

Bones and teeth

  • Fractures and infections.  fractures and infections in bones and teeth show up clearly on X-rays.
  • Arthritis. X-rays of your joints can reveal evidence of arthritis. 
  • Dental decay. Dentists use X-rays to check for cavities in  teeth.
  • Osteoporosis. Special types of X-ray tests can measure bone density.
  • Bone cancer.  reveal bone tumors.

Chest

  • Lung infections or conditions. Evidence of pneumonia, tuberculosis or lung cancer .
  • Breast cancer. Mammography is a  type of X-ray test used to examine breast tissue.
  • Enlarged heart. This congestive heart failure shows up clearly on X-rays.
  • Blocked blood vessels. Injecting a contrast material that contains iodine can help highlight sections of your circulatory system to make them visible on X-rays.

Abdomen

  • Digestive tract problems. Barium, a contrast medium delivered in a drink or an enema, to find problems in your digestive system.
  • Swallowed items. If your child has swallowed something such as a coin, an X-ray can show the location of that object.
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Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil derived from the reddish pulp of the fruit of the oil palms,


Special features of Oil Palm

  1. It is a perennial crop that starts yielding from the 4th year onwards.
  2. Productivity  is more compare to other oil seeds. Under good conditions it can yield 4-6 MTs of oil / ha /annum.
  3. Cost of cultivation is less compare to other oil cultivation
  4. Return  is high compare to other plantation crops.
  5. It can grow well in almost all types of soil and in varying climatic condition.
  6. The palm leaf can be used as fodder,for organic fertilizers, fire wood etc.
  7. Palm oil is rich in vitamin A and  E.
  8. Ability to withstand even in adverse  condition.

Soil and climate:



The Oil Palm grows best in areas with a  maximum temperature of 30-32 0C and on an average of at least five hours of sunlight/day. 

Avoid highly alkaline, highly saline, waterlogged and sandy soils.

Cultivated variety: Tenera.

Planting:

Best season for planting is June-July  

Flowering:

Oil Palm flowers with in  14-18 months after planting.

 It produces both male and female flowers separately on the same palm. 

Ablation:

Ablation is the removal of male and female flowers produced in the early stages of plantation. This enables the palm to gain adequate stem girth, vigour and develop adequate root system.

Start ablation immediately after the appearance of inflorescences on the palms. 

They can be easily removed by hand  or using tool. Ablation can be extended up to 2-1/2 to 3 years depending upon the plant growth.



Pollination:

Oil Palm is highly cross pollinated crop. 

Wind and insects assist pollination , but wind pollination is not adequate so assisted pollination is done to ensure fertilization of all female flowers. 

Mulching:

Mulching of Oil Palm basin is essential to conserve moiture and to control weeds.

 it can be done with dried leaves, male flowers, coconut husk, empty bunches etc.

Harvesting:



First harvest can be taken 3.5 to 4 years after planting.

 When  a few ripe fruits are loose/ fall off, the bunch is ready for harvesting. 

Processing over- ripe fruits reduces quantity and quality of oil.

Harvesting should be done 10-12 days interval.

 During rainy season, harvesting should be done at closer interval of 6-7 days 




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PLASTER OF PARIS



Plaster of paris is quick-setting  gypsum plaster  consisting of a fine white powder (calcium sulfate hemihydrate)


which hardens when moistened and allowed to dry.

 plaster of paris is called because of its preparation from the abundant  gypsum  found near Paris.

Plaster of paris does not generally shrink or crack when dry, making it an excellent medium for casting molds. 

 It is also used in medicine to make plaster casts to immobilize broken bones while they heal, though many modern orthopedic casts are made of fibreglass or thermoplastics. 

Plaster of paris is prepared by heating calcium sulfate dihydrate, or gypsum, to 120–180 °C (248–356 °F). With an additive to retard the set


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Saturday, 26 December 2020

Thenmala



THENMALA...................ENJOY NATURE....




Thenmala, which lies at the Kollam-Shencottah road and the Trivandrum-Shencottah Road
 India's first planned Ecotourism destination.
 It has 10 Ecotourism spots that cover the great hill ranges of Thiruvananthapuram, Pathanamthitta and Kollam districts.
 ‘
The surrounding dense forest is also known for the timber that is in much demand across the country.
boating...
Its terrain is dotted by forests, rubber and tree plantations

Thenmala is located 66 kms to the east of Kollam and is a treasure trove of activities. From boat rides to leisurely walks to even adventure sports
 A visit to the nearby Deer Rehabilitation Centre is a must as various species of deer are bred here.
They are released into the forest when the population reaches optimum levels
deer park......
The Elevated Walkway winds through a thick canopy of trees, home to many native birds. 
enjoy fresh air and natural beuty...............

Information Desk
Thenmala Ecotourism Promotion Society
Thenmala Dam Junction
Thenmala P.O. 691308 Kollam District
Kerala, India
Phone:91-475-2344800
E-mail: info@thenmalaecotourism.com
Website: http://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/

 

Getting there

Nearest railway station
 Shenkottah, about 29 km and Kollam
Nearest airport
 Trivandrum International Airport, about 72 km

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Vandaloor Biological Park

 
Location:situated at Vandalur which is 32 Km away from the city of Chennai


On the side of the  road is the zoo over a sprawling area of  602 ha.


 

























There is direct service from various parts of the city to Vandalur Arignar Anna Zoological Park bus stop.

Also by local train, train going to chengalpettu stops at Vandalur Railway station which is about 1 km from the zoo
 
Vegetation
The vegetation of the zoological park is dry evergreen forests.  About 138 plant species are found in the area

The Zoo maintains a viable population of threatened and endangered species of the Western and the Eastern Ghats. It has many threatened exotic species also. 


Special Attractions

Environment Friendly:While maintaining high standards of cleanliness, facilities and attractions, pollution free battery operated safari vans for tourists .

Star Attractions:
Nocturnal animals house,
Reptile enclosures, 
Walk through aviaries,
Butterfly house,
Children's park
Gardens, Lawns, Rest area. etc. 
 

Lion Safar

Deer Safari

Flamingoes, Seagulls, Teals, Storks, Herons, etc. These are seasonal birds sighted only between October and February. .

Terrestrial Birds Walk-through Aviary

Reptile House

Crocodile Enclosure

Primate House:
Arignar Anna Zoological Park has  endangered primate species like the Liontailed Macaque, Nilgiri Langur, Capped Langur and Chimpanzee. 


Elephant House

Butterfly House
which attract many species of butterflies like the common mormon, blue tiger, lime butterfly etc.

Amphibian House

Flamingo Exhibits

Small Mammals House


Visitation
The zoo is open through out the year.

The zoo is closed on Tuesday.


Bus Root:
Routes from Thambaram 
M18(Thambaram-Guduvancheri)
M52(Pozhichalur-Guduvancheri)
M80(Aadanoor-Thambaram)
T60(Changalpettu-Thambaram)
T60(Guruvanmedu-Thambaram)
T60(Kelambakkam-Thambaram)
T60(Thiruporur-Thambaram)
T60(Mahabalipuram-Thambaram)
T60(Mambakkam-Thambaram)
CONTACT US
Arignar Anna Zoological Park, 
The Chief Conservator of Forests and Director or the Deputy Director or the Zoo Education Officer,
Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur, Chennai - 600 04.
Phone - 044-22751089, Fax - 044-22750741

Timings: 

9:00 AM - 5:00 PM

 





















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vanchi....Vallam , Thoni,etc.....

  These are water transport vessel that carries different names in different regions.   The terms Vallam , Thoni,etc. are found in the early...